ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation
ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation
- An autologous blood transfusion refers to?
- Blood that has been screened
- Blood that is taken from the patient for their own transfusion
- Blood that is taken from the patient’s blood relative
- Blood that is donated through the blood transfusion service
Answer. Blood that is taken from the patient for their ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation own transfusion
Explanation. Allogenic transfusion is when a donor and the recipient are not same person in contrast to autologous transfusion, where donor and recipient are the same person,
- Which among the following is a preferred anesthetic drug for performing procedures in ICUs?
- Diazepam
- Propofol
- Ketamine
- Thiopental
Answer. Propofol
Explanation. Propofol is a short acting medication that results in a decreased level of consciousness and a lack of memory for events.
- Its uses include the starting and maintenance of general anesthesia, sedation for mechanically ventilated adults and procedural sedation.
- The cardiac BUY YOUR PAPER HEREoutput is normal or elevated in which type of shock?
- Hypovolemic shock
- Cardiogenic shock
- Distributive shock
- Obstructive shock
Answer. Distributive shock Professional nursing writing help “ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation” Meet the team that makes it all possible
Explanation. Distributive shock results from excessive vasodilation and the impaired distribution of blood flow.
- Distributive shock is different from other categories of shock in that it occurs even though the output of the heart is at or above normal level.
- The most common cause is sepsis leading to a type of distributive shock called septic shock
- Hypovolemic shock is an emergency condition in which severe blood or other fluid loss makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body.
- Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart is unable to supply enough blood to the vital organs of the body. As a result of the failure of the heart to pump enough nutrients to the body, blood pressure falls and organs may begin to fail.
- Obstructive shock is one of the four types of shock, caused by a physical obstruction in the flow of blood. Obstruction can occur at the level of the great vessels or the heart itself.
- Which of the following plasma protein is involved in coagulation of blood?
- Albumin
- Globulin
- Fibrinogen
- Amylase
Answer. Fibrinogen
Explanation, Fibrinogen is a glycoprotein, during tissue injury it is converted by thrombin to fibrin and subsequently to a fibrin-based blood clot.
- Albumin which helps keep blood from leaking out of blood vessels. It also helps move hormone, medicine and other important substances throughout the body. Albumin is made in the liver. ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation
- Glubolins, which help fight infection and move nutrients throughout the body. Some globulins are made by the liver.
- Amylases main function is to hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds in the starch molecules, converting complex carbohydrates to simple sugars.
- Which of the following nursing measures is inappropriate when providing oral hygiene for a stroke client?
- Placing the client on the back with a small pillow under the head.
- Keeping portable suctioning equipment at the bedside.
- Opening the client’s mouth with a padded tongue blade.
- Cleaning the client’s mouth and teeth with a tooth brush.
Answer. Placing the client on the back with a small pillow under the head.
Explanation. A helpless client should be positioned on the side, not on the back. This lateral position helps secretions escape from the throat and mouth, minimizing the risk of aspiration.
- It may be necessary to suction, so having suction equipment in the bedside is necessary.
- Padded tongue blades are necessary to use. Have the patient sit upright, preferably on chair when eating and drinking. Advance diet as tolerated.
- What is the most therapeutic position for a client with pelvic inflammatory disease?
- Supine
- Sims
- Semi fowlers
- Lithotomy
Answer. Semi fowlers
Explanation. The patient should be placed in the fowler’s position to facilitate drainage of the infection. This intervention may help relieve pain in addition to preventing abscess formation in the abdomen.
- The most common sites for pressure ulcers in intensive care unit patients are? Professional nursing writing help “ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation” Meet the team that makes it all possible
- Ears and knees
- Sacrum and heels
- Elbows and hips
- Shoulder blades and wrists
Answer. Sacrum and heels
- What is the optimum temperature to store blood right after collecting it?
- 25°C
- 22°C
- 20°C
- 15°C
Answer. 22°C
Explanation. Once the blood PLACE YOUR ORDER HERE is collected, it is store at 22°C. At this temperature, the blood proteins are safe from degeneration, the cells function properly and the presence of anticoagulants ensures that the blood is not clotting.
- Cessation of breathing for a short period is called?
- Dyspnoea
- Orthopnea
- Apnoea
- Bradypnea
Answer. Apnoea
Explanation.
- Dyspnoea: Difficult or laboured breathing
- Orthopnea is the sensation of breathlessness in the lying flat position, relieved by sitting or standing.
- Brandypnea is a respiratory rate that is lower than normal for age.
- Techypnea is a respiratory rate that is greater than the normal for age.
- Hyperpnea is increased volume with or without an increased rate of breathing.
- Midway through a blood transfusion, a patient complains of severe back pain. What should the do?
- Reassure the patient
- Stop the transfusion and take vital signs
- Speed up the transfusion
- Administer analgesia
Answer. Stop the transfusion and take vital signs
Explanation. Acute immune hemolytic reaction
- The attack triggers a release of a substance that damages the kidneys. This is often the case when the donor blood is not a proper match with the patient’s blood type. Symptoms include nausea, fever, chills, chest and lower back pain, and dark urine.
- In hypovolemic shock the decreased cardiac output is due to?
- Inadequate blood / plasma volume
- Reduced venous return
- Failure of myocardial pump
- Both A and B
Answer. Both A and B
Explanation. The loss of blood associated with hypovolemic shock causes a reduction in the venous volume, which in turn diminishes the preload, stroke volume and cardiac output.
- Muscle relaxant of choice in emergency department for endotracheal intubation?
- Vecuronium
- Succinylcholine
- Recuronium
- Atracurium
Answer. Succinylcholine
Explanation. It is popular in emergency medicine due to its rapid onset and brief duration of action.
- Bone spurs are also called?
- Osteomyelitis
- Osteopenia
- Osteoporosis
- Osteophytes
Answer. Osteophytes
Explanation. As cartilage deteriorates in osteoarthritis, bone spurs can develop and grow near the end of the bone in the affected joint called osteophytes.
- Osteomyelitis is an infection in a bone. Infections can reach a bone by travelling by travelling through the bloodstream or spreading from nearby tissue.
- Osteopenia is bone loss in which the bone mass density is below normal.
- Osteoporosis is a condition which bones become weak and brittle.
- Which of the following symptoms is most characteristic of a client with a cancer of the lungs?
- Air hunger
- Exertional dyspnoea
- Cough with night sweats
- Persistent changing cough
Answer. Persistent changing cough
Explanation. The most common symptoms of lung cancer are a cough that does not go away or gets worse. People can have a very chesty coughs, or they can have very subtle tickly coughs, like a constant clearing of your throat.
- Colposcopy is an instrument used to:
- Visualize the fallopian tubes
- Remove genital warts
- Visualize the surface of the cervix
- Visualize the uterus
Answer. Visualize the surface of the cervix
Explanation. Colposcopy is a medical diagnostic procedure to visually examine the cervix as well as the vagina and vulva using colposcope.
– The main goal of colposcopy is to prevent cervical cancel by detecting and treating precancerous lesions early.
- The Rule of Nines refer to?
- The depth of a burn
- Burn percentage in adults
- Burn percentage in children
- Burn percentage in adults and children
Answer. Burn percentage in adults
- Amobarbital and Thiopental are example of?
- Benzodiazepines
- Barbiturates
- Muscle relaxants
- Analgesics
Answer. Barbiturates
Explanation. Barbiturates are ultra-short acting and are used to induce and maintain anesthesia. However, though they produce unconsciousness, they provide no analgesia (Pain relief) and must be used with other agents.
- The ideal roller bandage application for body party where the thickness varies, such as over the forearm, is?
- Simple spiral
- Figure of eight
- Reversal spiral
- Divergent spica
Answer. Reversal spiral
Explanation. Reversal spiral bandage is a spiral bandage where the bandage is folded back on itself by 180° after each turn. This V-shaped fold allows the bandage to fit to the tapered shape of the body party all the way long.
- Simple spiral bandage is used for application in uniform thickness part like finger, wrist etc
- Figure of 8 is used for joints elbow and knee which is made by forming two loops or oblique turns over a joint.
- Divergent spica is started with circular turns above and below the knee joints and the turns are gradually brought towards the center completely covering the knee. PLACE YOUR ORDER HERE
- A simple and cost-effective method for reducing the risk of hypostatic pneumonia in a bed ridden patient is?
- Antibiotics
- Nebulisation
- Frequent change of positions
- Humidified oxygen
Answer. Frequent change of positions
Explanation. Pulmonary congestion due to the stagnation of blood in the dependent portions of the lungs in old persons or in those who are ill and lie in the same position for long periods is the reason for hypostatic pneumonia. Professional nursing writing help “ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation” Meet the team that makes it all possible
- Vacuum pressure used for suctioning in infants is?
- 40 to 60 mm Hg
- 90 to 130 mm Hg
- 60 to 100 mm Hg
- 130 to 140 mm Hg
Answer. 40 to 60 mm Hg
Explanation. Safe ranges for neonatal suctioning depending on ICU Nursing questions and answers with explanation the size of the infant and a generally considered to be between 60 – 100mmHg. Suction pressure should be kept at less than 200mmHg in adults.